Technical Terminology (Advanced)

## Advanced Scientific and Technical Terminology: Word List and Examples Learn C2-level vocabulary for discussing scientific concepts, research methodology, and technical processes at an expert level. ### Word List **quantify** (express as a measurable amount), **calibrate** (adjust an instrument for accuracy), **homeostasis** (stable internal balance in a system), **entropy** (a measure of disorder in a system), **equilibrium** (a state of balance), **permeability** (how easily something passes through a substance), **viscosity** (thickness/resistance to flow of a liquid), **mutagenic** (causing genetic mutation), **symbiosis** (mutually beneficial relationship between organisms), **phenomenology** (the study of subjective experience), **kinetic** (relating to motion), **quantum** (relating to the smallest discrete units of energy), **algorithm**, **stochastic** (randomly determined, involving probability), **longitudinal study** (research conducted over a long period), **meta-analysis** (a study combining results from multiple studies), **catalytic** (causing/accelerating a reaction), **differential** (relating to a difference between things), **taxonomy** (the classification of organisms/things), **morphology** (the study of form/structure), **epistemology** (the study of knowledge itself), **ontology** (the study of being/existence), **corollary** (a natural consequence following logically), **axiom** (a statement accepted as true without proof), **theorem** (a proven mathematical statement), **parameter** (a measurable factor defining a system), **iteration** (one repetition in a repeated process), **falsifiable** (able to be proven false, a key scientific criterion), **replicable** (able to be repeated with the same results), **anomalous** (deviating from what is standard/normal), **empirical**, **synthesize** (combine into a coherent whole), **extrapolate**, **delineate**, **heuristic**, **isotropic** (having identical properties in all directions), **metabolic**, **genome**, **pathogenesis** (the development of a disease), **biomarker** (a measurable biological indicator). Examples: The instrument needs to be calibrated before each use. The study relied on a longitudinal design tracking participants over ten years. A good scientific hypothesis must be falsifiable. Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of fifty independent trials. Remember: «falsifiable» (can be proven wrong) is a cornerstone concept in the philosophy of science — a hypothesis that can never be disproven isn’t considered truly scientific.